NIOS Class 10th Data Entry Operation (229) Solved Practical File English Medium 2022-23

 Data Entry Operation (229)

Practical File

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Practical – 1

Basics of Computer

Introduction

In this lesson we present an overview of the basic design of a computer system: how the different parts of a computer system are organized and various operations performed to perform a specific task. You would have observed that instructions have to be fed into the computer in a systematic order to perform a specific task.

Objectives

After going through this lesson you would be able to:

• explain basic organization of computer system.
• explain different types of input and output devices.
• define Software and its classification.
• distinguish between system software and application software. 
• describe computer language and its classification.

What is a Computer?

Computer can also be defined in terms of functions it can perform. A computer can i) accept data, ii) store data, iii) process data as desired, and iv) retrieve the stored data as and when required and v) print the result in desired format. 

The major characteristics of a computer are high speed, accuracy, diligence, versatility and storage. 

Computer Organisation

The block diagram of computer is shown

Block diagram of Computer Organisation

The computer performs basically five major operations of functions irrespective of their size and make. These are 1) it accepts data or instruction by way of input, 2) it stores data, 3) it can process data as required by the user, 4) it gives results in the form of output, and 5) it controls all operations inside a computer. We discuss below each of these operations. 

1. Input: this is the process of entering data and programs into the computer system. 

2. Control Unit (CU): The process of input, output, processing and storage is performed under the supervision of a unit called 'Control Unit'. 

3. Memory Unit: Computer is used to store data and instructions.

4. Output: This is the process of producing results from the data for getting useful information. 

Input Devices

Input devices accept data and instructions from the user. 

Following are the examples of various input devices, which are connected to the computer for this purpose. 

1. Keyboard
2. Mouse
3. Light Pen

Keyboard

A keyboard (as shown in figure) is the most common input device. Several kinds of keyboards are available, but they resemble each other with minor variations. The keyboard in most common use is the QWERTY board. 

Mouse

A mouse is an electro-mechanical, hand-held device (as shown in figure). It is used as a pointer. It can perform functions like selecting menu commands, moving icons, resizing windows, starting programs, and choosing options. 

Light pen

An input device that utilizes a light-sensitive detector to select objects on a display screen. A light pen is similar to a mouse (as shown in figure), except that with a light pen you can move the pointer and select objects on the display screen by directly pointing to the objects with the pen.

Practical – 2

Operating System

Introduction

The Windows operating system has evolved over time in the form of Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows 2000. Currently windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7 are in use. In this lesson we will explain the main features of Widows XP. 

Objectives

After going through this lesson you would be able to:

• explain the features of Windows XP.
• explain various icons and their features.
• define file management.

Elements Of Windows Xp 

Logging On

When the computer system loaded with Windows XP is started, it will present a log-in screen to log on to windows or to network, if the system is part of a computer network. 

To be able to log on, do the following

1. Enter the password (if it is password protected).
2. click on the a key or hit the Enter key.

Xp Desktop Elements

Start Menu

When clicked on the start button, menu as follows appears on the screen giving all the available options to start using the Windows.

Getting Help

Online help and support provided is of great help in using and learning windows. One can get help a specific topic or current task is being executed. To start help.

• click on the Start button
• click on ‘Help and Tutorial’ option

A list of help and support topics and online tutorial is displayed on the screen. One can use the tabs in the screen to search for the desired information in several ways. 

Locating Files and Folders

If you don’t know where a document or folder is located, you can use the Search companion to locate it in the local storage such as Hard Disk, CD or in the network drive (if the system is part of a network). The Indexing Service provided by the Search maintains an index of all the files on your computer, making searches faster. 

To search for a file or folder.

1. Click Start, and click on Search.
2. Select All files and folders from the left hand side of the windows.
3. Type the name of the file or folder in part or full, or type a word or phrase that exists in the file to be searched.
4. If you do not know either piece of information select one or more of the remaining options:

• In Look in, click the drive, folder, or network you want to search. 

Practical – 3

Basics of Word Processing

Introduction

Word processing is an application program that allows you to create letters, reports, newsletters, tables, form letters, brochures, and Web pages. Using this application program you can add pictures, tables, and charts to your documents. You can also check spelling and grammar.

Objectives

After going through this lesson you would be able to:

• define features of Word 2007.
• explain basic menu details of Word 2007.
• create, save and print new Word document.
• protect a word document quickly and efficiently.
• manage word files and their printing.

Features Of Word 2007

MS Word 2007 has useful features and tools introduced to produce professionally created documents. You can easily create, format, edit professional-looking user document using comprehensive set of easy to use tools provided by MS Word. It uses the MS Office Fluent user Interface concept. This interface uses a new component called Ribbon.

Starting Ms Word Program 

You can start your Word program different ways. One way is using Start button:

1. Click on the Start button.
2. In the menu that appears select All Programs→Microsoft Office→Microsoft Office Word 2007. In few seconds you will see Word screen on the monitor.

Word Screen Layout

The Word screen (Window) contains a number of objects such as Tabs, Menus, Sub menus, short-cut commands etc. We will describe the Word’s default screen layout (Fig.) here. 

Menus

If you are familiar with previous versions of Word, when you begin to explore Word 2007, you will notice a significant change in the menu structure, look and feel. The features in Word 2007 display as various tabs such as Home, Insert, Page Layout, References etc. To view all sub tasks/options (expanded form) in each menu, you must click the required option.

Toolbars

MS Word 2007 provides a customized quick access toolbar to organize the tools available for easy and fast access of the commands. Many toolbars displaying shortcut buttons are also available to make editing and formatting quicker and easier. The toolbars that are already displayed on the screen are checked. 

Practical – 4

Formatting Documents

Introduction

Word’s formatting features allow you to create beautiful documents without doing much more than typing headings and text. Word will do the rest. Word 2007 offers a great amount of formatting options: multiple typefaces and point sizes; easy-to-apply character styles such as bold, italic, normal, single and double spaces;underline; subscript and superscript; and paragraph formats such as alignment, spacing and indentation. 

Objectives

After going through this lesson you would be able to:

• define basic text processing tips.
• explain spelling and grammar features.
• change character and paragraph formats.
• use page formatting.
• create bulleted and numbered lists.

Working With Text

While using Word 2007, there are certain concepts, menu flow, tips, and commands you should learn. This section deals with most common word concepts, tips, and commands you should know regardless your skills in using Word 2007 program. When you open word 2007 the following menu will appear on your monitor. 

Formatting Text

Using the Formatting toolbar is the easiest way to change many attributes of text. If the toolbar as shown below is not displayed on the screen, select Home Tab. Under Home Tab you can select desired Formatting commands under Font, Paragraph subtask as per the diagram given below. 

The Font Dialog Box

The Font dialog box allows you to choose from a larger selection of formatting using Home-Font Formatting sub task menu is the easiest way to format text. If you cannot format text using this method, then use Font dialog box options. Select Home→Font subtask and click on the down arrow key located at the lower right side on the subtask menu to access the Font dialog box.

Formatting Paragraphs

You can format a paragraph by placing the cursor within the paragraph and selecting Home→Paragraph subtask menu and click on the down arrow on the lower right side of the subtask menu. This will display the following menu for you to choose the paragraph formatting.

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