NIOS Class 10th Home Science (216) Solved Practical File English Medium 2022-23

Home Science (216) 

Practical File 

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Practical – 1

Aim:- Observe and record the results of cooking any two cereals and two vegetables cooked by different methods. 

Objectives:- After doing this practical you would be able to :

• know the effects of cooking on food;
• learn the different methods of cooking, and
• identify the methods which minimize nutrient loss.

Material Required:-

Two cereals, two vegetables, knife, bowl, cooking utensils -Karahi, Pressure cooker, sauce pan, pot, cooking oil, spices, serving bowls, serving spoon, gas stove, LPG cylinder and ingredients for selected recipes. 

Procedure:- 

1. Select two cereals and two vegetables.
2. Identify recipes for these food items involving different methods of cooking like cooking by moist heat, dry heat and frying. 
3. Get samples of food cooked according to these methods and observe keenly the changes in their colour, texture and flavour. Note the observations in the given table. 

Table For Observation:- 

Precautions:-

1. Wash the cereals and vegetables thoroughly.
2. Do not wash the vegetables after cutting.
3. Do not cut vegetables into tiny pieces.
4. Do not overcook the food
5. Use just enough water/oil/heat for cooking.

Conclusion:-

Cooking improves the look, flavour and eating quality of food and makes it palatable.

Criteria For Evaluation:-

• Food items when cooked in moist heat must preserve their colour and shape as far as possible.
• Food items when cooked in dry heat must have right amount of moisture and crispness.
• Fried food items should be crisp, golden brown and non-greasy

Practical – 2 

Aim:- To identify fabrics through visual inspection:

• woven fabric and
• knitted fabric.

Obtective:- After doing this practical you would be able to identify knitted fabrics and woven fabrics through visual inspection. 

Materials Required:- Collect fabric pieces from different sources such as: 

a) Leftover fabrics at home or from the tailor.

b) Old banians/T-shirts/socks or sweaters.

Procedure:- 

1. Cut out samples measuring 5cm x 5cm from any of the above sources.
2. Observe the characteristics given in criteria for selection carefully.
3. Select one knitted sample and one woven sample.
4. Paste these samples in the boxes as shown below in your practical file.
5. Record the difference between these samples.

Criteria For Selection

Related Question:-

1. State two differences between knitted and woven fabrics.
2. List type of weaves.

Practical – 3

AIM:- To prepare a first aid kit

Objective:- After doing this practical you would be able to 

• list first aid items required to handle emergencies at home.
• identify sources to obtain the material required.
• assemble a first aid kit, and.
• l list points which will add to the efficiency of a first aid box.

Materials Required:-

A box, Band-Aid, Dettol or any antiseptic cream, Small scissors, Bandage, Cotton, A pain killer like Aspirin, Thermometer. 

Procedure:- 

1. Take any sturdy box available at home.
2. Collect the items which are available at home.
3. Buy the items which are not available at home.
4. Put all these items in the box.
5. Keep the box within easy reach.

Precautions:-

1. Check the medicines for expiry date.
2. The box should not be kept within the reach of children.
3. Cotton, bandage and box should be clean and sterilized.

Related Question:-

1. List down five items required in a first aid kit.
2. What is the importance of a clean bandage?
3. Why is it important to keep an updated first aid kit?

Practical – 4

Aim:- To record and study the weekly spending plan of your family.

Objective:- After doing this practical you would be able to. 

• develop the skill of writing spending plans.
• develop sensitivity towards avoiding wasteful expenditure, and.
• suggest modifications in a spending plan in case of emergencies.

Materials Required:- 

Pen, Notebook, Paper, and Pencil

Procedure:- 

1. Use the following heads to make the spending plan.
2. Enter expenditure incurred daily under each head.
3. Total it at the end of the month.

Precautions:-

1. Record the daily expenditure under each item head carefully without fail.

Conclusion:- 

1. Conclude from the total whether the expenditure is justified and support your answer with adequate reasons.
2. Suggest modifications in expenditure for some savings.

Related Questions:-

1. List three items which involve the maximum /minimum expenditure.
2. What is the importance of reserving some money for entertainment?
3. Why is saving important?
4. Which is the spending heads where it is difficult to reduce expenditure?
5. Give three suggestions for reducing the expenditure on food.

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